Smooth-muscle-like-cells (SMLCs) Derived from Human Embryonic Stem Cells (hESCs) Support Cord-like Structure in vitro

This invention relates, e.g., to a method for differentiating mammalian (e.g., human) pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) into smooth muscle-like cells (SMLCs) in vitro, comprising a) plating a single-cell suspension of PSCs that are smaller than 50 μm at a seeding concentration of about 5×10⁴ cells/cm²-about 1×10⁵ cells/cm² onto a suitable surface, and culturing the cells under conditions which prevent the PSCs from aggregating and induce differentiation of the PSCs into vasculogenic progenitor cells; b) harvesting the cultured cells of step a) and separating them into a single cell suspension of cells that are smaller than 50 μm; and c) plating the single cell suspension of step b) at a seeding concentration of about 1×10⁴ cells/cm²-about 5×104 cells/cm² on a suitable surface, and culturing the cells in a differentiation medium that is supplemented with platelet-derived growth factor BB (PDGF-BB) and transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF β1), for a sufficient period of time to allow the vasculogenic progenitor cells to mature into SMLCs. In one embodiment of the invention, the cells from step c) are further subjected to a shear force of at least 1 dyne/cm² for a time period sufficient to enhance differentiation, maturation and/or functionality of the cells.